Temporomandibular Disorder Prevalence and Its Association with Lifestyle Habits in Biomedicine Students-A Cross-Sectional Study.

This study aimed to examine the frequency of temporomandibular disorder among biomedical students and relate its occurrence to lifestyle habits. A cross-sectional collection of data was carried out and included a total of 676 examinees through a questionnaire that had 73 questions: general information and lifestyle habits, the Fonseca Anamnestic index (FAI), the Jaw Function Limitation Scale (JFLS), and the Perceived Stress Questionnaire (PSQ). The statistical analyses between three or more groups were conducted using the one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with post hoc Scheffé test or Kruskal-Wallis test with post hoc Dunn's test for quantitative variables. The comparison of qualitative variables was conducted using the Chi-square test, while the correlations were determined using Spearman's correlation test. The analysis showed that a higher frequency of moderate or severe TMD was observed in subjects who were smokers (p < 0.001) compared to non-smokers. Subjects who consumed more coffee had moderate to severe TMD compared to subjects who consumed a lesser amount (p < 0.001). Furthermore, a positive correlation between the amount of stress and the severity of TMD was found. Our study implies that students of biomedical studies have an increased risk for TMD and that there is a link with their lifestyle habits.

Effect of Denosumab Therapy on Pain Level in Diffuse Sclerosing Osteomyelitis of the Mandible: a Case Report.

This is the first case report where two patients were under uniform denosumab administration protocol in diffuse sclerosing osteomyelitis (DSO) treatment and were closely monitored for 18 months. Objectives: This study aimed to describe the beneficial effects of denosumab in DSO treatment as well as pain relief and the significant lack of long-term use due to poorer outcomes after repeated use. DSO of the jaw is a poorly understood rare chronic disease the treatment of which is still very challenging despite a rapid development of medicine. Different medical treatments have been proposed without any significant long-lasting success. Bisphosphonates have offered substantial clinical benefit in DSO therapy, but due to harmful pharmacodynamic properties, denosumab therapy has been used to replace bisphosphonate therapy. Patients had a reduction in pain intensity with each subsequent application of denosumab but with less success than the first administration of denosumab. This case report has shown that denosumab could be a promising conservative treatment option for pain treatment in patients suffering from DSO.

Nutritional Management of Patients with Head and Neck Cancer-A Comprehensive Review.

While surgical therapy for head and neck cancer (HNC) is showing improvement with the advancement of reconstruction techniques, the focus in these patients should also be shifting to supportive pre and aftercare. Due to the highly sensitive and anatomically complex region, these patients tend to exhibit malnutrition, which has a substantial impact on their recovery and quality of life. The complications and symptoms of both the disease and the therapy usually make these patients unable to orally intake food, hence, a strategy should be prepared for their nutritional management. Even though there are several possible nutritional modalities that can be administrated, these patients commonly have a functional gastrointestinal tract, and enteral nutrition is indicated over the parenteral option. However, after extensive research of the available literature, it seems that there is a limited number of studies that focus on this important issue. Furthermore, there are no recommendations or guidelines regarding the nutritional management of HNC patients, pre- or post-operatively. Henceforth, this narrative review summarizes the nutritional challenges and management modalities in this particular group of patients. Nonetheless, this issue should be addressed in future studies and an algorithm should be established for better nutritional care of these patients.

Oromaxillofacial Surgery: Both a Treatment and a Possible Cause of Obstructive Sleep Apnea-A Narrative Review.

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a chronic, sleep-related breathing disorder. It is characterized by a nocturnal periodic decrease or complete stop in airflow due to partial or total collapse of the oropharyngeal tract. Surgical treatment of OSA is constantly evolving and improving, especially with the implementation of new technologies, and this is needed because of the very heterogeneous reasons for OSA due to the multiple sites of potential airway obstruction. Moreover, all of these surgical methods have advantages and disadvantages; hence, patients should be approached individually, and surgical therapies should be chosen carefully. Furthermore, while it is well-established that oromaxillofacial surgery (OMFS) provides various surgical modalities for treating OSA both in adults and children, a new aspect is emerging regarding the possibility that some of the surgeries from the OMFS domain are also causing OSA. The latest studies are suggesting that surgical treatment in the head and neck region for causes other than OSA could possibly have a major impact on the emergence of newly developed OSA, and this issue is still very scarcely mentioned in the literature. Both oncology, traumatology, and orthognathic surgeries could be potential risk factors for developing OSA. This is an important subject, and this review will focus on both the possibilities of OMFS treatments for OSA and on the OMFS treatments for other causes that could possibly be triggering OSA.

Treatment of Inflammatory Dentigerous Cyst Using a Surgical T Drain in a Child.

Dentigerous cysts are rarely reported in young children. They are usually asymptomatic and only identified when becoming significantly large. Treatment by enucleation may damage structures like the inferior alveolar nerve, maxillary sinus, or permanent teeth, thus reducing the child's quality of life. Therefore, conservative surgical treatment such as decompression is indicated. This case report describes the treatment and subsequent complete regression of an inflammatory dentigerous cyst based on the decompression method using a customized surgical tube in a 10-year-old girl. The innervation was preserved, and permanent teeth erupted.